©AFP / Aris Messinis
A rebel on the Ajdabiya frontline said they were being fired on with "tanks, artillery and Grad missiles"
NATO Secretary General Anders Fogh Rasmussen said Thursday that after lengthy negotiations the 28-member alliance reached a deal to enforce the no-fly zone.
"We are taking action as part of a broad international effort to protect civilians against the Kadhafi regime," he said.
Rasmussen said the NATO operation was limited to enforcing the no-fly zone, but a senior US official, speaking on condition of anonymity later in Washington, said NATO reached a "political agreement" to also command all other operations aimed at protecting civilians -- meaning strikes against Kadhafi's ground forces.
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The news came as anti-aircraft fire raked the Libyan skies overnight, with at least three explosions shaking the capital and its eastern suburb of Tajura, AFP journalists reported.
At least one blast was heard from the centre of the city, while others came from Tajura, home to military bases, an AFP journalist reported.
©AFPTV
VIDEO: Libya rebels close on oil city, NATO set to take charge, Duration: 01:19
"The Tornado aircraft launched a number of guided Brimstone missiles at Libyan armoured vehicles which were threatening the civilian population of Ajdabiya," Fox said.
Libyan state television said "civilian and military sites in Tripoli and Tajura" had come under fire from "long-range missiles."
Fighting also raged in rebel-held Misrata, some 214 kilometres (132 miles) east of Tripoli. A doctor treating the wounded at a hospital said attacks by Kadhafi forces since March 18 "have killed 109 people and wounded 1,300 others, 81 of whom are in serious condition."
Relentless British, French and US air strikes since Saturday have been targeting Kadhafi's air defences in a bid to protect civilians under the terms of a UN resolution.
The strikes also provide cover for a rag-tag band of rebels seeking to oust Kadhafi after more than four decades in power, but who are disorganised and out-gunned by pro-regime forces.
A Kadhafi fighter plane that dared to flout the no-fly zone was swiftly punished Thursday when a French fighter destroyed the jet after it landed in Misrata, the French military said.
©AFP/Graphic
Operation Odyssey Dawn
"Our message is simple: stop fighting, stop killing your own people, stop obeying the orders of Colonel Kadhafi," Vice Admiral William Gortney said.
"It's fair to say the coalition is growing in both size and capability every day," he said, adding "more than 350 aircraft are involved in some capacity. Only slightly more than half belong to the United States."
The Pentagon said 12 countries were now taking part in the coalition seeking to enforce the no-fly zone -- including two Arab nations, Qatar and the United Arab Emirates. A senior US official said the UAE had contributed 12 aircraft.
Allied diplomats spent the day negotiating how to coordinate the campaign against Kadhafi, how far to enforce the UN resolutions, and how to incorporate assistance from non-NATO Arab countries.
"We have agreed, along with our NATO allies, to transition command and control for the no-fly zone over Libya to NATO," Secretary of State Hillary Clinton said, speaking after meeting with President Barack Obama and the US national security team.
"All 28 allies have also now authorised military authorities to develop an operations plan for NATO to take on the broader civilian protection mission under Resolution 1973."
Clinton said "significant progress" had been made in just five days, but that the "danger is far from over," and Kadhafi's forces "remain a serious threat to the safety of the people."
©AFP / Aris Messinis
Rebels were in striking distance of Ajdabiya with shelling and gunfire heard 9kms from the city
French President Nicolas Sarkozy meanwhile said coordination of the international campaign must "remain eminently political" even if NATO takes military command.
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"Operational, technical coordination will be at NATO level, but political coordination... will be at the level of the coalition," he said at a European Union summit in Brussels.
That would enable non-NATO members, such as Arab partners, to take part in political decision-making, he said.
The EU leaders in a statement also urged the world community to tighten the noose on Kadhafi by ensuring Libya's oil and gas revenues "do not reach" his regime.
Tightening sanctions on oil and gas was necessary "to ensure Kadhafi does not pay his mercenaries with oil resources," Sarkozy said.
Anti-aircraft fire and explosions also rattled the coastal city of Sirte, Kadhafi's home town 600 kilometres (370 miles) east of Tripoli, a resident said.
Kadhafi forces attacked Zintan, east of Tripoli, as rebels fought to retake the town of Ajdabiya, which sits at a junction on roads leading from rebel strongholds Benghazi and Tobruk in eastern Libya.
©AFP / Patrick Baz
Libyan boys wearing police uniforms direct traffic in Benghazi
"They are shooting at us with tanks, artillery and Grad missiles," said a rebel returning from the frontline, who gave his name as Mohammed. "We have nothing but light weapons."
A government spokesman in Tripoli said almost 100 civilians had been killed since coalition air strikes began Saturday, a figure that could not be independently confirmed.
The US general in charge of the operation, General Carter Ham, said coalition forces imposing the no-fly zone "cannot be sure" there have been no civilian deaths, but are trying to be "very precise."
Ham, head of US Africa Command, also said Libya's air defences "essentially no longer exist" after being destroyed in strikes, and that coalition forces were now targeting Libyan troops attacking civilians.
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